Those things about indoor pollution
Author: Li Deng environmental protection
We are going to talk about those things about indoor pollutants for everyone!
Inhalable particulate matter (PM10) usually refers to particulate matter (PM2.5) with a diameter of less than 10 microns. PM10 can enter the upper and lower respiratory tracts of the human body. Finer particles (PM2.5 and PM0.1) can deposit deep into the lungs and even enter the blood circulation through the alveoli. At the same time, fine particulate matter may be enriched with heavy metals, acid oxides, organic pollutants (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, etc.), and may also be the carrier of bacteria and fungi, which is harmful to human health.
The sources of indoor particulates are mainly indoor pollution discharge and outdoor pollution infiltration.
Indoor particulates mainly pollute human activities such as smoking, cooking, cleaning, office and decorating. Among them, tobacco and cooking are the main pollution sources of ultra-fine particulate matter and fine particulate matter in indoor environment. Indoor activities also have a great impact on the concentration of particulate matter, such as cleaning, office and decoration, which are the pollution sources of coarse particulate matter in indoor environment.
Outdoor pollution infiltration is another important source of indoor particulate matter. Outdoor particulate matter has different sources and sizes. In cities and towns, because urban construction in China is at the peak of construction, construction projects, urban cleaning, motor vehicle exhaust, dust and other particulate matter pollution is serious, and the indoor pollution through building crevices is relatively large; in rural areas, the main sources of particulate matter pollution are: road construction, burning wood, straw. Coal and other high polluting and inefficient fuels.
particulate matter
Gaseous pollutants are generally divided into four categories: volatile organic gases (benzene, formaldehyde, toluene, TVOC), radioactive gas pollution (radon), ozone and indoor odor.
Volatile organic compounds mainly come from combustion products such as coal and natural gas, smoking, heating and cooking smoke, building and decorative materials, furniture, household appliances, automobile interior parts production, cleaners and human emissions. In the interior decoration process, VOC mainly comes from paint, paint and adhesive, solvent release agent.
Radon is the only natural radioactive inert gas produced by radium decay. It has no color or odor. At room temperature, ammonia can form radioactive aerosols in the air and pollute the air. It is easily intercepted by the respiratory system and accumulates in the lungs to induce lung cancer.
The biggest source of indoor ozone pollution may be unimaginable. The answer is photocopiers. The working principle of the copying machine is voltage discharge, which makes the selenium drum charged, and then forms latent printing by illumination, and finally completes the copying. Of course, this is difficult to understand, but it doesn't matter. The key is that the high-pressure mercury lamp and electric spark inside it will emit a lot of ultraviolet rays, which will decompose oxygen in the air, form ozone, and damage human health.
Indoor odor mainly includes mildew odor, cigarette odor, decoration odor, kitchen odor, paint odor, room odor, trash can odor, toilet odor, flower fat odor, and other odors of life. Ventilation is the best way to eliminate indoor odor. Therefore, when the outdoor air quality is good and the temperature is suitable for ventilation, ventilation should be proper.
Gaseous pollutants
Microbial contamination in microorganism indoor environment includes bacteria, fungi, filter viruses and dust mites. There are many kinds of pollutants and they come from various sources of pollution. According to the survey, there are several main indoor air bio-pollution factors which can cause allergic diseases and respiratory diseases in office buildings and families.
Mold is a microorganism that can multiply rapidly in warm and humid environment. Some of them can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and other symptoms, which can lead to respiratory and intestinal diseases.
Mites and mites are one of the most common air micro-organisms. They are small arthropods and are difficult to find with the naked eye. Dust mites are one of the leading causes of allergic diseases. The number of dust mites in indoor air is related to indoor temperature, humidity and cleanliness.
Legionella is a kind of bacteria, which can parasitize in natural freshwater and artificial pipeline water, and also can live in soil. Studies show that Legionella can survive in tap water for about 1 years and survive in the river for about 3 months. The incubation period of Legionella disease varies from 2 to 20 days. The main symptoms were fever, chills, myalgia, headache, cough, chest pain and dyspnea. The mortality rate was as high as 15% to 20%.
Mold is a microorganism that can multiply rapidly in warm and humid environment. Some of them can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and other symptoms, which can lead to respiratory and intestinal diseases.
Mites and mites are one of the most common air micro-organisms. They are small arthropods and are difficult to find with the naked eye. Dust mites are one of the leading causes of allergic diseases. The number of dust mites in indoor air is related to indoor temperature, humidity and cleanliness.
Legionella is a kind of bacteria, which can parasitize in natural freshwater and artificial pipeline water, and also can live in soil. Studies show that Legionella can survive in tap water for about 1 years and survive in the river for about 3 months. The incubation period of Legionella disease varies from 2 to 20 days. The main symptoms were fever, chills, myalgia, headache, cough, chest pain and dyspnea. The mortality rate was as high as 15% to 20%.
According to the international investigation team of professionals, the problem of indoor air quality, 21% is caused by microbial contamination. According to the Chinese interior decoration Association indoor environment monitoring center survey, 50% of the patients with atopic dermatitis is caused by mites in indoor air.
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